Window construction



May 19, 1953 B. BALLARD 2,638,640

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed April 4, 1950 2 Sheets-Shee'fI l May 19, '1953 B. T. BALLARD' WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed April 4. 195o 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l( J llall 'Il 5 A Patented May 19, 1953 WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Bernard T. Ballard, Warren, Ohio, assignor to United States Gypsum Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application April 4, 1950, Serial No. 153,897

2 Claims. (Cl. .20-53) This invention relates to window construction and more especially to 'windows designed for use particularly in basements, cellars and like places.

The objectof this invention is the production of window construction in which the sash is so mounted in the window frame as to permit of pivoting or swinging of the sash along its lower edge to various open positions and to permit, when desired, of complete removal or detachment of the sash in order to afford ready access, for instance, to a basement; for delivery of coal or other material without injury to the sash.

A further object of the invention is to provide a window structure in which the pivotal connection between the sash and frame, while simple, is highly effective and enables a rigid, Weather-proof connection between the parts to be maintained when the sash is in closed position, and also permits of quick and easy adjustment of the sash to selected open positions or complete removal thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide la construction which is strong and durable and which at the same time lends itself to low manufacturing cost.

Other objects and advantages will appear as lthe description proceeds.

The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application and in which like reference characters refer to corresponding parts.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a window structure embodying one form of the invention, viewing the structure from the inside thereof and with the window sash in closed position;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front view of the window construction with the sash shown in partly open position;

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, showing the sash in an intermediate position when the same is moved from partially open to fully opened position;

Fig. 6 is a View similar to Fig. 5, showing the sash in fully opened position;

Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the structure shown in Fig. ,-6

Fig. 8 is an enlarged horizontal section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary plan view of one end of the window structure showing the sash in partly open position;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the structure shown in Fig. l9

Fig. l1 is a view similar to Fig. 9 with the sash in fully opened position;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the structure shown in Fig. 11;

Fig. `13 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the lower corners of the window frame; and

Figs. 14 and 14a are views similar to Fig. 2 and disclose the steps involved in removing the sash from the frame.

Referring now to the drawings, the preferred embodiment of my invention therein disclosed comprises a window frame of all metal construction in which a window sash, also of metal construction, is tiltably and removably mounted.

The window frame, which is of elongated rectangular form, comprises a lower or bottom member I5, a top member I6, and side members Il, which are secured together at their meeting points by welding, riveting or other suitable means, so as to form a rigid structure. The top and side members of the frame are substantially T-shape in cross section with the legs of the Ts projecting inwardly from the outer side of the frame in order to accommodate the sash in the recess or shallow pocket thus formed.

The lower or bottom rail I5 of the frame is of substantially Z-shape, the same consisting of a downwardly extending iiange I 8, an intermediate or horizontal portion I9 and an upstanding flange 20, as best seen inFigs. 2 to 6, inclusive. The flange I8 of the member I5 is substantially coplanar with the flange portions of the T bars I6 and I1, and the outer face of the upstanding flange 20 is substantially coplanar with the outer edges of the leg portions of said T bars.

Rigidly secured to and projecting inwardly fromthe legs 2| of the side members I'I, adjacent the lower ends thereof, are pins or projections 22 the purpose of which will be hereinafter described.

The window sash is also of rectangular form so asto loosely fit within the pocket or recess formed by the legs of the frame members IIB and I'I and the cross portion I9 of the bottom member I8. Said sash is formed of a bottom member or rail 23, top member 24, and side members 25, the members 24 and 25 being of angle iron construction whereas the bottom member 23 is of substantially Z-shape, corresponding with the formation of the bottom member I5 of the frame. The members 23 and 25 are rigidly secured together as by welding or riveting, but

the parts 24 and 25 are preferably of integral construction, being formed by bending a single piece of angle iron into the desired shape. A cross-bar 26 is preferably provided in the sash so that the latter will accommodate two window panes 2l, which are suitably mounted in the sash.

The bottom member of the sash, which is of Z shape as above set forth, comprises an intermediate horizontal portion 28, a front upwardly extending flange 29, and a rear downwardly extending flange 39, as viewed with the sash in closed position, particularly shown in Fig. 2. Formed at the lower ends of the side members 25 of the sash are shoulders 3l so arranged that when the sash is in closed position said shoulders will rest upon the upper edge of the upstanding flange Eil of the bottom member of the window frame in order to support the sash in this position. When in. this position, best seen in Fig. 2, the upstanding flange 29. oi the lower sash bar snugly nts against the inner side of the upstanding flange of the bottom frame bar and the downwardly projecting flange 35i of said sash bar snugly engages against the outer side of the depending iiange i8 of the bottom frame member. When in this position the outer sides of the top member and side members 24 and respectively, of the sash will rest snugly against the inwardly projecting flanges of the corresponding top and side members of the sash. frame, as seen in Figs. l and 8. The sash may be locked in closed position by a suitable lock 32 pivotally mounted at 33 upon the upper side of the sash and which is adapted to engage with a depending pin it on the upper bar of the window frame. Of course any suitable locking means may be employed.

The opposite ends of the lower sash bar 23 project beyond the side members of the sash, as best seen in Figs. 3, '7, l0 and 12, in order to engage with the pins 22 of the window frame in swinging the sash to its various open positions, as will now be described.

Said pins 22 must be accurately positioned with respect to the upper edge of the flange 20 of the lower frame bar in order to enable said edge and pins to cooperate with the bottom bar of the sash. Thus the pins 22, as best seen in Figs. 2 to 6, inclusive, are positioned slightly above and behind the flange 2% so that, upon swinging the upper end of the sash away from the frame, the shoulders 3l thereof will pivot on the upper edge of the liange 2li permitting the sash to swing outwardly until the pins 22 engage against the portion 28 of the bottom member of the sash, as seen in Fig. Il. The sash will thus be supported in partly open position. If it 'is desired to tilt the sash further, to fully open position, it is then only necessary to lift the lower end thereof slightly until the shoulders 3i are raised above the upper edge of the ange Zii, and the pins 22 engage against the ange 2Q, as seen in Fig. 5, whereupon the sash may be swung downwardly to horizontal or fully open position. In the latter position the side members of the sash will rest upon the upper edge of the flange 2t and the pins 22 will engage the flange 2d, as seen in Fig. 6. Thus the sash may be swung to either of two open positions and in veach position securely held by the cooperative relation of the lower portion of the sash, the upstanding flange 2i) of the frame, and the pins 22.

Complete removal of the sash may be accomplished by slightly tilting the upper end thereof, to a .position such that the upper end of the flange 2'9 of the bottom member of the sash will clear the pins 22, as seen in Fig. 14, whereupon the sash may be moved upwardly until the intermediate or cross portion 28 of the bottom bar of the sash clears the upper edge of the flange 2U, as seen in dotted lines in Fig. 14. From the latter position the lower end of the sash may be moved outwardly until the ilange 3D thereof contacts the flange 20 of the bottom bar of the frame, as seen in Fig. 14a, whereupon the sash may be lifted completely free of the frame, as shown in dotted lines in Fig 14a. The sash may be readily and quickly replaced by following an operation reverse to that just described.

With a construction as described, it will be observed that when the sash is in closed position a weather-proof contact between the edges of the sash and the window frame is accomplished, while at the same time the sash may, without difficulty, be tilted to various open positions and easily and quickly removed if desired. The construction is such as to permit of manufacture at low cost while at the same time it possesses sturdiness and rigidity which is, of course, desirable particularly in a basement window construction.

While l'; illustrated and disclosed the preferred form of my invention, I do not wish, to be limited thereto but desire to avail myself of such changes modifications as come within the spirit of the invention, as comprehended within the scope or" the appended claims.

l claim:

l. A window construction. comprising a frame and a sash, said sash being pivotable forwardly about its lower edge portion from a vertical closed position to an approximately horizontal open position, said frame having an upwardly directed supporting member extending along the forward lower edge thereof, the upper edge of said supporting member being engageable with the side walls of said sash when said sash is in said open position, said. frame also having inwardly directed protrusions located rearwardly of said supporting member, said sash having an element at each end arranged outwardly of the side wallsthereoi extending substantially horizontally when said sash is in said open position, said protrusions being so positioned relative to the upper edge of the supporting member that when said sash is in said open position and the side walls of said sash rest on said supporting member, the upper edges of said elements engage the lower edges of said protrusions, said sash also having stop means extending upwardly from said elements and immediately to the rear of said protrusions, when said sash is in said open position, whereby forward sliding movement of said sash is prevented when said sash is in said open position.

2. A window construction comprising a frame and a sash, said sash being pivotable forwardly about its lower edge portion .from a Vertical closed position to an approximately horizontal open position, said frame having an upwardly directed supporting member extending along the forward lower edge thereof., the upper edge of said supporting member being engagea'ble with the side walls of said sash when `said sash is in said open position, said frame also having inwardly directed protrusons located vrearwardly of said supporting member, said sash having an element at each lend arranged outwardly of the side walls thereof extending substantially horizontally when said sash is in said `open position, -saidprotrusions being so positioned relative to the upper `edge of the supporting member 'that when Isaid. sash is in said fopen position 'and the `side walls of said sash rest on said supporting member, the upper 4edges of said elements engage the lower edges of said protrusions, said sash also having stop means eX- tending upwardly from said elements and immediately to the rear of said protrusions, when said sash is in said yopen position, whereby forward sliding movement of said sash is prevented when said sash is in said open position, said side walls of said sash each having a notch on the forward edge thereof engageable with the upper edge of said supporting member, said notches being so located with respect to said stop means that said notches may engage said supporting member and said stop means may engage said protrusions when said sash is in a partially open position, whereby said sash may be supported in said partially open position.

BERNARD T. BALLARD.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 

